If a student spills dilute hydrochloric acid on her hand, the first action should be

• A. Flush her hand with large quantities of water
• B. Wipe dry with towel
• C. Apply neutralizing chemical
• D. Cover with cloth

Answer: (A)

Immediate rinsing with plenty of water is the key idea here. When dilute hydrochloric acid spills on the skin, flushing the area with large amounts of water quickly dilutes the acid and washes it away, reducing irritation and potential tissue damage. Water is safe, readily available, and does not provoke a harmful reaction, making it the best first action.

Wiping dry would just spread the chemical and leave residues that can continue to burn. Trying to neutralize the acid with another chemical can generate heat and cause a more severe reaction, sometimes worsening the injury. Covering the area with a cloth does not remove the acid and can trap heat and irritants against the skin. After the initial rinse, continue washing for several minutes, remove any contaminated jewelry or clothing, and seek medical evaluation if pain or redness persists.